सामान्य मानसिक क्षमता (General Mental Ability)

यस खण्डले समग्र बौद्धिक क्षमता — तार्किक सोच, स्मृति, ध्यान, Pattern recognition — परीक्षण गर्छ। Verbal र Non-Verbal दुवैका elements समावेश हुन्छन्।

मानसिक क्षमता — Brain Map Mental Ability Logical Deduction Puzzles & Arrangements Sequence & Pattern Clock & Calendar Cube / Dice / Net Problems Venn Diagram & Sets

1. Logical Deduction

Deductive vs Inductive

Type Direction Example
Deductive General → Specific All men mortal; Ram is man → Ram mortal
Inductive Specific → General Sun rose every day → Sun will rise tomorrow

2. Puzzles (तार्किक पहेली)

Types र Approach

Type Approach
Linear arrangement Table बनाउनुस् — rows=persons, columns=conditions
Circular arrangement 1 anchor fix गर्नुस् → relative fill
Floor/Building puzzle Top-down वा Bottom-up table
Scheduling Days × Activities grid
Comparison >, < chain बनाउनुस् → rank निकाल्नुस्
Key: प्रत्येक definite clue पहिले place गर्नुस्, conditional clues पछि।

3. Clock Problems

Key Facts

Concept Value
Minute hand speed 6°/minute
Hour hand speed 0.5°/minute
Relative speed 5.5°/minute
Overlap after 12 Every 65.45 minutes
Angle between hands at H:M |30H − 5.5M|

Hands coincide — all times in 12 hr

12:00, 1:05.45, 2:10.9, 3:16.36, 4:21.81, 5:27.27, 6:32.72, 7:38.18, 8:43.63, 9:49.09, 10:54.54

4. Calendar Problems

Key Rules

  • Ordinary year: 365 days = 52 weeks + 1 odd day
  • Leap year: 366 days = 52 weeks + 2 odd days
  • Leap year: divisible by 4; century year divisible by 400
  • Day counting: use odd days method
Month Odd days Month Odd days
January 3 July 3
February (ord) 0 August 3
February (leap) 1 September 2
March 3 October 3
April 2 November 2
May 3 December 3
June 2 — —

5. Venn Diagram र Sets

Set Formulas

Formula Meaning
n(A∪B) = n(A)+n(B)−n(A∩B) Union of two sets
n(A∪B∪C) = n(A)+n(B)+n(C)−n(A∩B)−n(B∩C)−n(A∩C)+n(A∩B∩C) Union of three sets
Only A = n(A)−n(A∩B)−n(A∩C)+n(A∩B∩C) Exclusive A

6. Sequence Number Puzzles

Square root trick: √144=12, √169=13, √196=14, √225=15, √256=16, √289=17, √324=18, √361=19, √400=20
Cube: 1³=1, 2³=8, 3³=27, 4³=64, 5³=125, 6³=216, 7³=343, 8³=512, 9³=729, 10³=1000

Quick Recall — Mental Ability:
• Clock angle: |30H − 5.5M|
• Minute: 6°/min | Hour: 0.5°/min | Relative: 5.5°/min
• Leap year: div by 4; century: div by 400
• n(A∪B) = n(A)+n(B)−n(A∩B)
• Puzzle: definite clues first, conditional later
Practice MCQs:
Q1. 6:30 बजेको clock मा minute र hour hands को कोण?
(A) 15°   (B) 165°   (C) 195°   (D) 180°
→ (A) |30×6 − 5.5×30| = |180 − 165| = 15°

Q2. 100 जनाको survey मा 60 ले Tea, 50 ले Coffee र 25 ले दुवै पिउँछन्। न tea न coffee?
(A) 10   (B) 15   (C) 20   (D) 25
→ (B) 15 → n(T∪C)=60+50−25=85; Neither=100−85=15